Which system in the gut is responsible for regulating motility and peristalsis?

The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) is commonly referred to as the "second brain" of the gut, and it plays a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal motility and peristalsis. This system consists of a vast network of neurons embedded in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract. It operates independently of the central nervous system but can still communicate with it.

The ENS is responsible for coordinating the complex movements involved in digestion, including the rhythmic contractions known as peristalsis, which push food through the intestines. It responds to various stimuli, such as the presence of food and stretch in the gut, ensuring that digestion works efficiently and is well-coordinated. By managing these motor functions, the ENS plays a critical role in the overall digestive process, ensuring effective absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste.